| Fahrenheit 451: 50th Anniversary Edition | ||||||||
| Ray Bradbury | ||||||||
| HarperCollins, 184 pages | ||||||||
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A review by Chris Przybyszewski
That was a joke.
Fahrenheit 451 is one of the more remarkable books of our time. Sure, the text has its share of warts. The
characters are more like caricatures, over the top and thin in their complexity. Ray Bradbury indulges his inner high-school
writer with his strong use of comparisons which, for example, describes the overhead sound of bombers as "if two giant
hands had torn ten thousand miles of black linen down the seam." And I am not going to talk about descriptions, such
as "The subway fled past him, cream-tile, jet-black, cream-tile, jet-black, numerals and darkness, more darkness and
the total adding itself." Moreover, the ending is simplistic and idealistic, where the well read of society emerge
from their homeless shelters to save a post-apocalyptic world.
But still.
The caricatures are appropriate. The only fellow with depth and dynamics is Guy Montag, and that is because he is the
only human struggling for some truth. By my definition, a full character is one who is making that effort, whatever
truth it may be. Montag is -- for those not familiar with the story -- a fireman. His job is to set fire to books
so that no one will read and consequently understand the hopelessness of reality.
The book burning is not a government mandated censorship, as in the case of 1984. Instead, it is a society-built
degradation of the written word. Society has rejected the black and white messages bound in leather and paper. Burning
books is better, according to most of the citizens of his world (including his suicidal wife), than to watch TV. Most
the people in this world demand live inside entertainment, ignoring those inner voices that ask, "Is this it?"
Montag must find more. He must find it for himself, and he believes he must find it for society.
The incredible use of comparison does serve a purpose. Bradbury admits his overuse of metaphor and simile in the
afterword, but the writing style creates a pulpy, film-noir weirdness to the words. The comparisons are sometimes
wonderful, sometimes outrageous. They create a tone of 'hey, this can't be real,' while the content (human apathy,
the limitation of the written word) pounds the reader's reality. The disharmony is symphonic. The previous sentence
is a metaphor, for those paying attention.
I said I wasn't going to talk about the descriptions, but here's another example: "It was a stroll through another
store, and his currency strange and unusable there, and his passion cold, even when he touched the wood and plaster
and clay." These over-the-top descriptions do some of the same work as the comparisons.
The ending echoes Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in which Huck and Jim return to the hometown,
and all is well in the world. Well, not really, as Twain well knows. Tom is still enslaved. Huck's "rescue" from one
slaver delivers Jim to his former slaver. A helplessness moves past dramatic irony. No one in the story notices a
permeating stink because each person no longer notices the odor. Huck (and Twain's) solution is to move out of
society, to head west into the not-yet-civilized Western America.
The same goes in Fahrenheit 451. Bradbury is acutely aware that books are useless; they are physical objects. They
are pieces of paper with words on them. Worse, 85 percent (a rough estimate) of those words are not worth the paper on which
they are printed. To see books as the saviors of humanity is not naïve; it is dangerous. Rely on your survival manual
in the middle of the desert, and you will probably die of thirst.
The absolute value of books is separate from their personal value that has lifted the souls and opened the minds to
countless individuals. But everyone in Bradbury's world, including the exiled book readers themselves, have lost
that personal love for the feel of text on paper and the smell of vellum as it ages yellow.
Ray Bradbury's conscious control of these elements, among others, shows his craft. Disagree with his techniques, but
do not disagree that he employed those techniques with a purpose. His sentiments are not new. Lots of people have
questioned the limits of language (for more on this, Google Jacques Derrida and Deconstruction Theory). The style
Bradbury uses, the pulpy sci-fi style that is one reason this book still runs strong in popularity and relevance a half century later.
Fahrenheit 451 has become (and, I think, was designed to be) that thing that caused books to burn. The text
or its author offers no answers to the question poised. Instead, if offers a story about a man seeking a truth. Where
many forgettable texts use the soapbox, Bradbury used the microscope and telescope.
Observationalists like Bradbury have held the literary court for the past century (if not before). What is the next
step? The problem of the human condition has been defined by Bradbury and his peers (of whom there are few), so
where's the big leap forward that will not only acknowledge reality at hand, but which will also suggest a
solution that will evolve the human of the species? Possibly, there is no answer in this generation or the
next. Perhaps humans will go extinct before realizing an answer to even one of its defining questions.
Possibly, there is no Bradbury 2.0.
Until there is, keep your copy of Fahrenheit 451 handy. You never know when some person needs a fire's warmth.
Chris learned to read from books of fantasy and science fiction, in that order. And any time he can find a graphic novel that inspires, that's good too. |
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